The physical conditions of different populations vary, as do their responses and tolerances to medications. Special caution is required when using Batroxstat in special populations.

I. Patients with Hepatic or Renal Impairment

1. Patients with Renal Impairment

(1) Patients with mild renal impairment can usually use the standard dose, but regular monitoring of renal function and serum potassium levels is still required.

(2) Use in patients with moderate to severe renal impairment requires greater caution. The physician may reduce the starting dose or prolong the dosing interval based on individual circumstances.

2. Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease or on Dialysis

(1) Current experience with Batroxstat in patients with end-stage renal disease or on dialysis is limited.

(2) Such patients should use the medication under strict supervision of a specialist, with close attention to serum potassium levels and blood pressure changes.

3. Patients with Hepatic Impairment

(1) For patients with mild hepatic impairment, it is recommended to start with a lower dose.

(2) Use with caution in patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment; further dose reduction or prolongation of dosing intervals may be necessary.

4. Regular Monitoring Requirements

(1) Patients with hepatic or renal impairment should increase the frequency of monitoring during treatment, with regular rechecks of liver function, renal function, and electrolyte levels.

(2) Any abnormalities should be promptly reported to the physician so that the treatment plan can be adjusted.

II. Pediatric and Elderly Patients

1. Children and Adolescents

Batroxstat is not indicated for pediatric use and is not recommended for children or adolescents under 18 years of age.

2. Recommendations for Elderly Patients

(1) Elderly patients are advised to start with a lower initial dose.

(2) Dose adjustments should be smaller than those for general adults, with gradual titration to the target dose.

(3) Blood pressure should be closely monitored during treatment to avoid excessive hypotension that may lead to falls or other adverse events.

3. Caution with Polypharmacy

(1) Elderly patients often take multiple medications concurrently; potential drug interactions should be considered.

(2) Before using Batroxstat, inform the physician of all medications being taken, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.

III. Pregnancy, Lactation, and Those Planning Pregnancy

1. Pregnant Women

(1) Hypertension during pregnancy should be managed under a physician's guidance.

(2) If pregnancy is discovered while using this product, promptly inform the physician, who will assess whether to continue the medication or switch to another treatment.

2. Breastfeeding Women

(1) Due to potential risks to the nursing infant, caution should be exercised when using this product in breastfeeding women.

(2) Consult a physician to weigh the benefits of breastfeeding for the infant against the necessity of the medication for the mother.

3. Those Planning Pregnancy

(1) Women planning to become pregnant should communicate with their physician in advance.

(2) The physician may assess whether the antihypertensive regimen needs adjustment to select a more suitable medication for preconception and pregnancy.

4. Effect on Fertility

(1) There is currently no evidence that Batroxstat has a direct adverse effect on fertility.

(2) However, if there is a plan to conceive during use, it is still advisable to inform the physician for individualized medication guidance.

IV. Other Special Populations Requiring Attention

1. Individuals at Risk of Hyperkalemia

(1) Patients predisposed to hyperkalemia, such as those with chronic kidney disease or those using potassium-sparing diuretics, should exercise extra caution when using Batroxstat.

(2) Serum potassium levels should be closely monitored during treatment.

2. Individuals with Hypovolemia

(1) Caution should be used in conditions leading to volume depletion, such as dehydration, severe vomiting, or diarrhea.

(2) Hypovolemia increases the risk of hypotension and renal impairment. It is recommended to correct volume status before starting the medication.

3. Perioperative Patients

(1) Patients scheduled for surgery or anesthesia should inform their physician that they are taking Batroxstat.

(2) The anesthesiologist will assess whether temporary adjustment of the antihypertensive medication is needed to reduce the risk of perioperative hypotension.