Urocalun is a urinary calculus therapeutic agent extracted from the leaves and branches of Quercus stenophylla. Clarifying its indications, contraindications, and special population precautions is essential for safe and effective use.

I. Indications

1. Core Indication

The established indication of Urocalun is: promotion of elimination of renal and ureteral calculi.

2. Clinical Efficacy Data

(1) Ureteral calculi: In general clinical trials in Japan, 510 out of 700 patients were effective, with an effective rate of 72.9%.

(2) Renal calculi: 55 out of 263 patients were effective, with an effective rate of 20.9%.

(3) Double-blind controlled trial: The effective rate for stone expulsion or descent was 79.2%.

3. Brief Mechanism of Action

This product inhibits stone growth, dissolves calculi, and possesses anti-inflammatory and diuretic effects, synergistically promoting the expulsion of urinary calculi.

II. Contraindications

1. Official Statement

(1) No absolute contraindications are explicitly listed in the product labeling. However, caution or discontinuation is advised in the following situations:

(2) Hypersensitivity to any ingredient of this product.

(3) Occurrence of severe adverse reactions after administration.

2. Precautions for Use

(1) Patients with severe renal dysfunction (risk-benefit assessment required).

(2) Patients with excessively large calculi or complete urinary tract obstruction (stone expulsion efficacy is limited and may delay treatment).

III. Dietary Restrictions

1. Official Statement

No specific dietary restrictions are noted in the product labeling.

2. Diet Recommendations Based on Stone Prevention Principles

Although no direct food禁忌, the following is advised to enhance stone expulsion and prevent new stone formation:

(1) Reduce high-oxalate foods: spinach, beets, nuts, strong tea, chocolate. Calcium oxalate is a common stone component.

(2) Limit high-purine foods: organ meats, seafood, rich meat broths. Hyperuricemia can promote uric acid stone formation.

(3) Restrict high-salt diet: Excessive sodium intake increases urinary calcium excretion, promoting stone formation.

(4) Avoid excessive vitamin C supplementation: Can be metabolized into oxalate in the body.

3. Recommended Diet

(1) Increase water intake (2-3 liters per day).

(2) Appropriately increase citrate intake (citrus fruits), which can inhibit stone formation.

IV. Special Population Precautions

1. Elderly

In general, elderly patients have reduced physiological functions. Treatment should be started at a low dose, with close monitoring for side effects (e.g., constipation, gastric discomfort), and dose reduction as appropriate based on symptoms.

2. Children

Systematic clinical trials have not been conducted for this product in children. Use in children requires comprehensive judgment by a physician based on age, body weight, and symptoms, with cautious administration.

3. Pregnant and Lactating Women

(1) Pregnant women: Safety has not been established. Use only when the therapeutic benefit outweighs the potential risk.

(2) Lactating women: It is unknown whether this product is excreted in human milk. Lactating women are advised to avoid use or to discontinue breastfeeding during treatment.

4. Patients with Underlying Diseases

(1) Hepatic insufficiency: No specific study data available; use with caution.

(2) Renal insufficiency: Evaluate before deciding on administration, as renal excretion of the drug may be reduced.

5. Allergic Individuals

Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to any ingredient of this product (including additives such as lactose, yellow ferric oxide, etc.) should avoid use.